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Rock art has been produced in Europe since the Upper Palaeolithic era through to recent centuries. It is found in all of the major regions of the continent.〔Bradley, Chippindale and Helskog 2001. p. 482.〕 In the post-Palaeolithic period, during later prehistory, regional variants grew up across the continent, being produced by settled, agricultural communities. Scholarly interest in European rock art began in the 17th century.〔Bradley, Chippindale and Helskog 2001. p. 482.〕 ==Background== The defining characteristic of rock art is the fact that it is placed on natural rock surfaces; in this way it is distinct from artworks placed on constructed walls or free-standing sculpture.〔Whitley 2005. p. 3.〕 As such, rock art is a form of landscape art, and includes designs that have been placed on boulder and cliff faces, cave walls and ceilings, and on the ground surface.〔Whitley 2005. p. 3.〕 Rock art is a global phenomenon, being found in many different regions of the world.〔Whitley 2005. p. 1.〕 There are various different forms of rock art. This includes ''pictographs'', which were painted or drawn onto the ''panel'' (rock surface), ''petroglyphs'', which were carved or engraved onto the panel, and ''earth figures'' such as earthforms, intaglios and geoglyphs. Some archaeologists also consider pits and grooves in the rock, known as ''cups'', ''rings'' or ''cupules'', as a form of rock art.〔 Although there are some exceptions, the majority of rock art whose creation was ethnographically recorded had been produced during rituals.〔 As such, the study of rock art is a component of the archaeology of religion.〔Whitley 2005. pp. 3–4.〕 The academic field of rock art studies, a form of archaeology, investigates instances of past rock art to learn about the societies that produced it. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rock art in Europe」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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